Uncovering mental models via interviews: a fitness' app case study

Uncovering mental models via interviews: a fitness' app case study

My Role

UX Research

Tool

Interview

Research type

Qualitative Research, Moderated Research

As a part of research for an online fitness app, I interviewed people in their 30s who attend the gym but refuse to exercise online. My goal was to uncover the mental models behind this resistance.

As a part of research for an online fitness app, I interviewed people in their 30s who attend the gym but refuse to exercise online. My goal was to uncover the mental models behind this resistance.

Problem

Understanding the mental models of a segment which refuses to exercise online and provide insights to the product team

Problem

Understanding the mental models of a segment which refuses to exercise online and provide insights to the product team

Method

Depth interview with fitness ehnthusiastics who don’t exercise online

Method

Depth interview with fitness ehnthusiastics who don’t exercise online

Findings

The gym is perceived as an option to disconnect, exercise with a personal trainer and have company

Findings

The gym is perceived as an option to disconnect, exercise with a personal trainer and have company

Recommendations

Deliver a tailored experience, notify when the gym is overcrowded, a virtual personal trainer and a small social network

Recommendations

Deliver a tailored experience, notify when the gym is overcrowded, a virtual personal trainer and a small social network

Context & research questions

Why do some people refuse to adopt online exercising?

To understand this, I conducted user interviews with a segment of people in their 30s who exrcise and don’t do any of their exercise online. The purpose was to gain insights for the product team that could decrease skepticism and increase satisfaction with online exercise.

Research questions

What are the mental models this population relates to exercise at the gym?

What prevents this population from exercising online?

What is important for this population in online exercise?

How can we encourage this population to use online exercise platforms?

“What I dislike about the gym? sometimes it’s too crowded then you don’t have convenient access to the open space”.

Hila, 33

Method

In depth qualitative interviews

Interviewing is an art. You have to listen more than you talk, so it’s best to ask short and open questions. It’s about listening deeply and probing at the right time.

With these (and more) principles and in light of the research questions, I designed the interview. The questions I asked were about the participants’ background, exercise and gym routine, likes and dislikes regarding the gym and more. The full interview can be found upon request.

Analysis

Thematic analysis: from raw interviews to actionable insights

To extract the insights from the interviews, I applied thematic analysis: grouping what participants said into repeating patterns, so the raw conversations became clear, actionable insights. First, I coded raw data - highlighted recurring words and phrases in the transcripts. Then, I grouped these codes into categories that could yield actionable insights.

“I developed my gym routine with my personal trainer, Kobi. He is my source of information.”

Omer, 36

Three steps analysis process

Step 1

Capture raw data

Each note represented a user quote. Then, I laid out the notes and looked for recurring motives: this is the reasoning part of thematic analysis - turning raw data into structured one.

Step 2

Spot similarities, cluster into themes

Each note represented a user quote. Then, I laid out the notes and looked for recurring motives: this is the reasoning part of thematic analysis - turning raw data into structured one.

After capturing 30+ user quotes on digital stickies, I conducted thematic analysis: grouped related quotes into themes that captured users’ needs, motivators, and pain points.

Step 3

Translate themes into insights & recommendations

From these categories, I extracted 6 themes and translated them into insights. I reframed the themes into actionable insights and product recommendations

Why do people go to the gym?

A personal trainer

A personal trainer

A virtual one can help to build a routine, correct movements and provide real-time answers

"Isolated capsule"

"Isolated capsule"

Disconnecting from the routine and being distractions-free should be emphasized when communicating with this population

Company

Company

A geo-location-based friends and neighbors' feature should be considered

Recommendations

A tailored experience

We can deliver a personal experience based on various factors

A tailored experience

We can deliver a personal experience based on various factors

When the gym is overcrowded

When the gym is overcrowded

A feature that shows how busy the gym is might be useful

Complementary

It's a second choice or a filler for this population. A light version is recommended

Complementary

It's a second choice or a filler for this population. A light version is recommended

"I love the gym’s atmosphere, whether it’s the music or absence of distractions.”

Renana, 32

Reflection

From quotes to insights

This project showed me how behavioral resistance isn’t about features alone: it’s about identity, routine, and context. By understanding people’s deeper needs, product teams can design online experiences that resonate with offline habits.
I’ve also learned that even small set of interviews can lead to powerful insignts when analyzed systematically. Using thematic analysis, I learned how to move from raw, messy quoted to structured, actionable insights. The process reinforced that interviewing is not simply about collecting stories - it’s about knowing to probe deeper and interpret patterns.

Let’s connect. Drop me a line.

I’m always happy and open to collaborations, freelance projects, or simply exchanging ideas.

Copyright 2025 by Daniel Livnat

Let’s connect. Drop me a line.

I’m always happy and open to collaborations, freelance projects, or simply exchanging ideas.

Copyright 2025 by Daniel Livnat